What is prostate gland?

The prostate gland is an organ of the male reproductive system. It is shaped like a walnut and is found at the base of the bladder. There is a thin tube(urethra) running through the prostate gland that allows urine and semen to pass out of the penis. Alkaline fluid produced by this gland helps to nourish sperm and leaves the urethra as ejaculate. Another function of the prostate gland is to help control urination. However men can survive without a prostate gland.

The prostate undergoes two main growth spurts. The first is fuelled by the sex hormones made by the testicles during puberty. This prompts the gland to reach an average weight of 20g. The second growth spurt happens sometime in the fourth decade of life. 

The three most common forms of prostate disease are

1. non-cancerous enlargement, also known as benign prostatic hypertrophy(BPH)

2. inflammation(Prostatitis) 

3. cancer. 

A man may experience one problem or a combination of two or more problems.

Diagram showing the position of the prostate gland

SYMPTOMS OF PROSTATE CANCER

Symptoms of prostate cancer can vary from patient to patient.Symptoms can mimic those of benign prostatic hypertrophy or prostatism.

• Weak urinary stream
• Inability to urinate
• Blood in the urine
• Interruption of urinary stream (stopping and starting)
• Frequent urination (especially at night)
• Pain or burning during urination